Abstract
At present, the shortage of water resources has become a serious constraint to the further development of social economy. The optimal allocation of multi-water resources is valuable for agricultural water management in arid and semi-arid regions. However, traditional deterministic programming does not solve the complex water resources allocation in irrigation systems. Furthermore, previous allocation methods of irrigation water seldom considered the water cycle process, especially for multi-sources of irrigation. In this study, we develop an inexact fuzzy stochastic simulation-optimization programming (IFSSOP) model for the irrigation water optimal allocation of two water sources. The model combines the crop water model and the field water cycle model with an uncertainty optimization model, which considers the contribution of groundwater to crop water consumption. As a case study, the developed model is used in an arid area with two irrigation water sources: a river and a lake. Accordingly, the total optimal allocation irrigation water amounts of river and lake water under different violation probabilities in various hydrological years were obtained. By comparing the IFSSOP model with the IFSSOP model without considering the contribution of shallow groundwater (IFSSOP-NG model), it can be shown that the system benefits of the developed model are higher. With the lake water source from flood water, the region can save 30–34% of the river water, maintaining the original crop water deficit irrigation ratio. Consequently, application of the IFSSOP model in irrigation scheduling will provide effective water allocation patterns to save more water in an arid region with shallow groundwater.
Highlights
Water scarcity is a major factor constraining agricultural development in many arid and semi-arid areas of the world
Developed an interval-parameter linear optimization model with stochastic vertices, which was applied to the optimization of Yellow River water for different crops, and the results indicated that water could be allocated to crops under different scenarios of water transfer
The developed model has two main advantages compared with the existing model
Summary
Water scarcity is a major factor constraining agricultural development in many arid and semi-arid areas of the world. The limited water resources will not be able to meet the increasing irrigation water requirements. Any measures to improve water use efficiency are useful to food production [1,2]. Improving irrigation scheduling is one of the most effective ways of increasing irrigation efficiency to cope with the shortage of water resources [3]. One of the most important problems is how to allocate the irrigation water in the different growing stages of crops to get the highest yield and benefit under water shortages. This requires the determination of an optimum irrigation schedule under limited irrigation water supply
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