Abstract
Films (0.5–2 μm thickness) of PMMA doped with (t-Bu) 4-Pb-phthalocyanine (Pbpc) in the concentration range 0–100% have been studied as multilayer slab waveguides. Multilayer waveguides were made by spin-coating PMMA/Pbpc solutions onto a polyimide system (PIQ). Using the prism coupling method in an m-line set-up, the guiding TE and TM modes were investigated at two wavelengths, 1064 and 514.5 nm, the latter being in the optical window of Pbpc. The value of the refractive index of PMMA/Pbpc was found to be larger at 1064 nm, and in addition anisotropic, the latter indicating partial ordering. It is suggested that the plane of the Pbpc rings tends to be oriented preferentially parallel to the film plane. The results demonstrate the possibility of using a phthalocyanine/polymer system as an active nonlinear waveguide device operating in the optical window ( λ: ∼ 515 nm). Dispersion relations for uniaxial three- and four-layered waveguide geometries, and field distributions of the eigenmodes were derived and used to design (simulate) basic optically-nonlinear waveguide applications in organic multilayer structures. It is shown how the unique properties of Pbpc (an optical window with low value of n) enables phase-matched SHG for TE ω → TE 2 ω for modes of the same order, giving optimal overlap and high conversion.
Published Version
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