Abstract
ZnO soccer balls were grown on an Au-catalyzed Si(100) substrate by vapor phase transport (VPT) with a mixture of zinc oxide and graphite powders. Temperature-dependent PL was carried out to investigate the mechanism governing the quenching behavior of the PL spectra. From the PL spectra of the ZnO soccer balls at 10 K, several PL peaks were observed at 3.365, 3.318, 3.249, and 3.183 eV corresponding to excitons bound to neutral donors (DoX), a donor–acceptor pair (DAP), first-order longitudinal optical phonon replica of donor–acceptor pair (DAP-1LO), and DAP-2LO, respectively. The mixed system composed of the free exciton (FX) and DoX and the DAP radiative lifetimes were estimated with a theoretical relation between the lifetime and the spectral width. The exciton radiative lifetimes were observed to increase linearly with temperature.
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