Abstract
The optical field evolution of an optical klystron free electron laser is analytically described for both low gain and high gain cases. The harmonic optical klystron (HOK) in which the second undulator is resonant on the higher harmonic of the first undulator is analyzed as a harmonic amplifier. The optical field evolution equation of the HOK is derived analytically for both the CHG mode (coherent harmonic generation, the quadratic gain regime) and the HGHG mode (high gain harmonic generation, the exponential gain regime), the effects of energy spread, energy modulation, and dispersion in the whole process are taken into account. The linear theory is given and discussed for the HGHG mode. The analytical formula is given for the CHG mode.
Highlights
An optical klystron (OK) consists of two undulators separated by a dispersive section
In order to reduce the total length of the undulator for SASE free-electron laser (FEL), an optical klystron operating in high gain regime has been proposed and discussed [2,3]
Optical klystron has been used for coherent harmonic generation (CHG) [4,5]
Summary
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China (Received 24 September 2004; published 20 June 2005). The optical field evolution of an optical klystron free electron laser is analytically described for both low gain and high gain cases. The harmonic optical klystron (HOK) in which the second undulator is resonant on the higher harmonic of the first undulator is analyzed as a harmonic amplifier. The optical field evolution equation of the HOK is derived analytically for both the CHG mode (coherent harmonic generation, the quadratic gain regime) and the HGHG mode (high gain harmonic generation, the exponential gain regime), the effects of energy spread, energy modulation, and dispersion in the whole process are taken into account. The linear theory is given and discussed for the HGHG mode. The analytical formula is given for the CHG mode
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