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Abstract
A fruitful approach to the studies of a liquid free surface is demonstrated. Using optical interferential techniques, the free surface of nonvolatile and volatile confined liquids is analyzed. Various wall container types are investigated. Besides the classical plane wall, experiments are performed by using cylindrical and toroidal walls. In these last cases, the meniscus effect that affects the free surface of the liquid is compensated. Then, it is possible to obtain completely flat free surfaces of liquids up to 80% of their total. Interferometric experiments are also described to measure the inclination of the site with respect to the local horizon, represented by the liquid flat free surface, and to follow the temporal evolution of such free surfaces affected by different conditions.
Highlights
As is well established, the free surface of a confined liquid is not a plane
In the case of a container of large dimensions, it is possible to consider that a small portion of the free surface be planar
This small portion is located at the central part of the entire liquid surface
Summary
In the case of a container of large dimensions, it is possible to consider that a small portion of the free surface be planar. In some particular and practical situations it is convenient or necessary that all of the free surface be a plane, in spite of the fact that the container had small dimensions. These cases are present in the studies of aged liquid surfaces or evaporation produced at liquid surfaces. 2. the use of such an approach in the development of an optical device of very small dimensions to check in a real-time mode the flatness of the liquid free surface. The dynamic analysis o f such optical information, presents a high degree of complexity, because it is necessary to control a large number o f experimental parameters to achieve quantitative evaluations of acceptable quality
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