Abstract
This article is focused on reviewing the current state-of-the-art of optical fibre pressure sensors for medical applications. Optical fibres have inherent advantages due to their small size, immunity to electromagnetic interferences and their suitability for remote monitoring and multiplexing. The small dimensions of optical fibre-based pressure sensors, together with being lightweight and flexible, mean that they are minimally invasive for many medical applications and, thus, particularly suited to in vivo measurement. This means that the sensor can be placed directly inside a patient, e.g., for urodynamic and cardiovascular assessment. This paper presents an overview of the recent developments in optical fibre-based pressure measurements with particular reference to these application areas.
Highlights
The pressure in a living human body is influenced by internal and external forces
The work of Cooper et al [3] compared the pressure response of air-charged and fluid-filled catheters. They demonstrated that air-charged catheters act as an overdamped system, whereas water-filled catheters act as an underdamped system
This study was extended for silica-based MEMS [118,119] and tested for long-term in vivo implantation [120,121]
Summary
The pressure in a living human body is influenced by internal (e.g., muscles, fluids) and external (e.g., gravity, atmospheric) forces. The measurement of pressure and forces in vivo is a key asset in a Sensors 2015, 15 range of biomedical applications, including cardiovascular and urologic diagnostic procedures, surgical procedures and monitoring of invasive treatments [1]. The most popular devices currently used for medical pressure measurement are based on catheters and guidewires. Fluid-filled catheters represent a valuable alternative with a more stable response and are very popular in urology [3,4] and cardiovascular [5,6] applications. The work of Cooper et al [3] compared the pressure response of air-charged and fluid-filled catheters. Yang et al [122] (2003) tested OFS-based pressure sensors for 12 weeks and demonstrated their bio-compatibility and usability for in vivo human applications
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