Abstract
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a novel, noninvasive imaging modality that allows depth-resolved imaging of the microvasculature in the retina and the choroid. It is a powerful research tool to study the pathobiology of retinal diseases, including inherited retinal dystrophies. In this review, we provide an overview of the evolution of OCTA technology, compare the specifications of various OCTA devices, and summarize key findings from published OCTA studies in inherited retinal dystrophies including retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt disease, Best vitelliform macular dystrophy, and choroideremia. OCTA imaging has provided new data on characteristics of these conditions and has contributed to a deeper understanding of inherited retinal disease.
Highlights
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes motion contrast imaging of blood flow to generate volumetric cross-sectional angiographic images of the retina [1,2,3]
We summarize the evolution of OCTA technology, compare the specifications of currently available OCTA devices, and provide a concise overview of the OCTA findings in inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), including retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt disease, Best vitelliform macular dystrophy and choroideremia
With the advent of OCTA, it is possible to study the hemodynamics of individual retinal and choriocapillaris vascular layers noninvasively. This may help improve our understanding of the pathobiology of inherited retinal diseases like retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Stargardt disease (STGD), Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD), and choroideremia (CHM)
Summary
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes motion contrast imaging of blood flow to generate volumetric cross-sectional angiographic images of the retina [1,2,3]. It has the potential to image the retinal and choroidal vascular networks with an unpreceded level of detail. With this retinal and choroidal vascular imaging capability, OCTA could significantly enhance our understanding of retinal diseases. OCTA compares the decorrelation signal between sequential OCT b-scans taken at exactly the same cross-section, in order to separate moving scatters from static background tissue, to generate an angiogram. En face OCT angiograms are co-registered with corresponding OCT b-scans This enables blood flow and structural information to be viewed at the same time. We summarize the evolution of OCTA technology, compare the specifications of currently available OCTA devices, and provide a concise overview of the OCTA findings in IRD, including retinitis pigmentosa, Stargardt disease, Best vitelliform macular dystrophy and choroideremia
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