Opportunities and prospects for the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer

Abstract

The high incidence of breast cancer requires increased attention to the problem of rational pharmacotherapy of this condition. When choosing tactics for the treatment of breast cancer, it is recommended to take into account the immunohistochemical subtype of cancer cells. In the case of detection of estrogen-positive expression, an obligatory component of pharmacotherapy is endocrine therapy with antiestrogen orientation. Despite the fact that there are already many years of positive experience with the use of selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase inhibitors, the search for new more effective agents continues in terms of prolonging the life of patients and reducing the risk of adverse reactions.
 In recent years, cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors have been added to first-line therapy, which is a breakthrough in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. The introduction of combined antiestrogen therapy with targeted agents that have the ability to inhibit phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase is logical in the event of resistance to primary endocrine therapy. However, the need to search and study new drugs remains. In this regard, the most promising direction is the development of agents that can reduce the expression of the Estrogen receptor alpha protein, and block estrogen-dependent and independent estrogen receptor signaling.