Abstract
Introduction:Comprehensive tobacco control policies are lacking in Indonesia where smoking prevalence in males is among the highest in the world. This study aims to explore the knowledge, attitude, opportunities and challenges to tobacco control among local stakeholders. Methods:This is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews. Four study areas included Bengkulu Province, Bengkulu City, Seluma District, and Kaur District. Eighteen participants interviewed were from policymakers, legislators, and civil societies during November-December 2020. Thematic data analysis was used. Results:While knowledge and support of the existing Smoke Free Policy (SFP) were high, that of other policies such as outdoor tobacco advertising (OTA) ban and tobacco product display ban were low. Among others, one opportunity was there is already SFP regulation in each study area, to which such bans can be added. Among others, three major challenges were: (a) lack of enforcement of the existing SFP, (b) lack of national regulation to ban OTA and product display, and (c) counter actions by the tobacco industry. Conclusion:The opportunities and challenges identified could be lessons learnt for more comprehensive tobacco control especially by local governments in Indonesia and other countries with similar settings.
Highlights
Comprehensive tobacco control policies are lacking in Indonesia where smoking prevalence in males is among the highest in the world
The opportunities and challenges identified could be lessons learnt for more comprehensive tobacco control especially by local governments in Indonesia and other countries with similar settings
The only major tobacco control policy is the smoke-free policy (SFP), which is based on the Health Act 36/2009 and Presidential Decree 109/2012 (President of Indonesia, 2012)
Summary
Comprehensive tobacco control policies are lacking in Indonesia where smoking prevalence in males is among the highest in the world. The only major tobacco control policy is the smoke-free policy (SFP), which is based on the Health Act 36/2009 and Presidential Decree 109/2012 (President of Indonesia, 2012). The former is a recommendation for local governments to adopt SFP and the latter provides the details. Data show slow policy adoption with only two-thirds of districts (345 of 514) enacted a form of SFP by December 2018, with low compliance rate in many areas including Jayapura city (17% compliance rate) (Wahidin et al, 2020; Wahyuti et al, 2019)
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