Opilioni delle Alpi Sud-Orientali (Arachnida, Opiliones)

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BIOGEOGHAPHIA - vol. XIII — 1987 Biogeografia de/Ie Alpf Sud-Orienta/i Opilioni delle Alpi Sud—Orientali (Arachnida, Opiliones) (qq') ITALO MARCELLINO Dz'pzm‘z'me7zto dz‘ Biologia am’/7zale de[Z’U;zz'versz'tti dz’ Catmzzkz SUMMARY Eighteen species of Phalangids collected in twenty-six different localities of Southeastern Alps have been diagnosed by the Author, seven of which are new at least to one of the studied districts (Sire dzzricarizzr, Tragulur /zepzzefor/m‘r, Opflio dizzarza/5, Ez/darylobzzr Izicaeens/.r, Lop/Jopilio palpizzalir, Mz't0pur fizorio and Leiobu/mm limlazztzzm); thirty~four species more, previously known for this region, are also 'sted. The investigated area comprises the whole Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and the Cansiglio Plateau, in the Venetians Alps, the Carnic Alps and the Karawanken (Southern Carinthia), the Isonzo Valley, the Julian Alps (Karst also included), and the Carniola (Western Slovenia); in this area, which presents a great variety of environments and a well developped Karsism, the stations from which the Phalangids are coming have been identified by UTM system. For all the species some data concerning the occurrence in the different sections of the studied region and in Western‘Alps are provided_: notices on the complete range of distribution of all listed taxa are also given. As for the species number, the Southeastern Alps are one of the richest european regions: there live actually at least fifty-two species of Phalangids, which represent not a small number in comparison with the taxa hitherto known for the entire Alpine region. Several species find in the investigated area their Western limit of distribution, as Nemtzrtoma bide» tatzmz, Diczmzalasma sczzbrzmz, Luci/zizzr de/ztiger, and other; sometimes the Eastern or the Southern limit of the range is reached in this region (Mitopur g/zzcialir and Nemartoma triste, respectively). From a zoogeographical point of wiew, the 52 recognized species can be subdivided as follows: olopalearctic species (3); with an european distribution, either broad or reduced (46%); alpine species (25%), seven of which are also presents in the Dinaric Alps; endemic species (23%), which are often strictly limited to a few stations in the Southeastern Alps. In the region seems to lack any species with a Circum- or Northermtnediterranean distribution, while among the species belonging to the european type, a good number (35%) reach the Central~ or Southern- Apennines. The comparison of the various investigated sections, based on Phalangids and evaluated by the Soc- rensen index, shows a strong similarity among the most mountainous districts: for example, the Southern Carinthia in comparison with the Carnic (QS = 81) and the Julian Alps (QS = 79). Less important result the affinity values in comparisons among the whole area with the Western Alps (QS = 46), the Cansiglio Plateau and the Friulan lowland (QS = 32). The high percentage of stenoendemic taxa appears very clearly in relation with the important part played, as refuge center, by the Southeastern Alps ‘during the glacial periods. d (T) Ricerca eseguita con fondi erogati dal Min. P.I. (Gruppo di Biogeografia del Mediterraneo occi- enta e). 903