Operational Issues of Using Replacement Fuels to Power Internal Combustion Engines

Abstract

The classification of engine fuels was systematised in the present study. The basic evaluation criterion included the type of raw material used for the production of motor fuel and the prevalence of its usage. There was a reason for the purposefulness of searching for new kinds of engine fuels not only for the sake of environmental protection but also for the rational use of natural resources. The concept of substitute fuels was methodically presented. The criteria for the qualification of substitute fuels for internal combustion engines were systematised. Using the example of fuels produced from bio-oils, tests were carried out to assess the prospects of considering bio-oil fuels as substitute ones for self-ignition engines. Accordingly, an analysis was, inter alia, conducted on the fuel combustion process in the cylinder of a test self-ignition engine. Based on the results obtained, the thesis was formulated that rapeseed methyl ester (RME) fuel can be considered a substitute fuel for modern self-ignition engines. There are no significant differences between the physicochemical properties between DF diesel fuel and B100 fuel apart from a significantly higher oxygen mass content in B100. The torque of an internal combustion engine is regularly higher for diesel fuel. The use of B100 fuel enables a measurable reduction in pollutant emissions. The working factor pressure in the cylinder is slightly lower when the engine is powered by B100. The relative heat release rate for B100 is slightly lower compared to DF diesel.