Open Curettage With Bone Augmentation for Symptomatic Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of Calcaneus: A Comparison of Bioactive Glass Versus Allogeneic Bone

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Few studies have characterized the clinical outcomes of 45S5 Bioglass® applied as a bone graft to that of allogeneic bone applied in calcaneal open curettage. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to compare the outcomes of patients with calcaneal tumors and tumor-like lesions treated by open curettage with 45S5 Bioglass® or allogeneic bone. Of the 31 patients who underwent open curettage (18 cases of unicameral bone cysts, 7 cases of aneurysmal bone cysts, and 6 cases of intraosseous lipoma), 16 (52%) received grafts with 45S5 Bioglass® and 15 (48%) with allogeneic bone. All the feet achieved bone fusion according to the modified Neer radiographic classification system at the last follow-up examination. The mean bone ingrowth time for the grafts with 45S5 Bioglass® versus allogeneic bone was 3.71 ± 0.86 versus 4.46 ± 1.04 months (p = .038), the mean bone healing time was 4.86 ± 0.93 versus 5.73 ± 1.07 months (p = .021), and the mean incision drying time was 7.2 ± 1.8 versus 8.2 ± 1.5 days (p = .047), respectively. No differences were found in the postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale scores between the 2 groups (p = .213). These results show that 45S5 Bioglass® can better facilitate the formation of new bone with a faster drying time of the incision than allogeneic bone. Although both materials can benefit the clinical outcomes of calcaneal tumors and tumor-like lesions, further studies are needed to observe the long-term complications and lesion recurrence rates.