Abstract
We model x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) interactions of pulses of 100 fs duration or less with thick (many attenuation lengths) solid iron targets assuming the instantaneous target opacity is determined solely by the energy absorbed for a given photon energy. Examples of the bound-free opacity dependence on energy absorbed for iron targets at photon energies of 750–2000 eV are presented. This is utilized to model XFEL pulse propagation through solid iron and to predict the resulting iron plasma opacity as the pulse progresses. Assuming the establishment of local thermodynamic equilibrium and electron-ion thermalization after a sufficiently long time interval, we calculate the temperature profiles to be expected in solid iron targets.
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