OP0192 PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH A METABOLICALLY ADVERSE BODY COMPOSITION PROFILE PREDICTIVE OF GREATER CHD AND TYPE 2 DIABETES RISK – MRI FINDINGS FROM THE IMAPA AND UK BIOBANK STUDIES

Abstract

Background:Increased Body Mass Index (BMI) is associated with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) but with uncertain pathophysiological significance. BMI does not reflect body fat distribution, but fat storage site is important as increased ectopic fat including visceral adipose tissue (VAT), liver fat, and muscle fat infiltration (MFI), are associated with increased type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk1. To date no study has compared detailed body composition in PsA with the general population and other metabolic diseases.Objectives:1. To characterize the body composition profile of PsA compared to age, sex, and BMI-matched metabolic disease free (MDF) individuals, and type 2 diabetes. 2. To relate body composition to risk of type 2 diabetes and CHD in PsA versus MDF controls.Methods:MRI body composition profiles were available for 29 PsA participants in the IMAPA study2. After excluding 3 participants with concomitant type 2 diabetes, body composition was compared in 26 PsA participants with 130 age, sex, and BMI-matched healthy MDF controls (matched 1:5) and 454 individuals with type 2 diabetes from UK Biobank, using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Analyses were repeated adjusted for age, sex, and BMI. The propensity of PsA patients to develop CHD or type 2 diabetes based on their body composition profile was compared to that of matched MDF controls.Results:PsA participants had significantly more ectopic fat including greater visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume and liver fat percentage compared to MDF controls (table 1, figure 1A). This difference persisted after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Individuals with PsA shared a similar body composition to type 2 diabetes (table 1, figure 1B). Body composition-predicted propensity for CHD or type 2 diabetes was 1.3 and 1.8 times higher, respectively, for PsA compared to matched MDF controls.Table 1.Comparison of body composition parameters in PsA, MDF controls, and type 2 diabetesVariablePsAMDF controlsp-value*Adj. p value**Type 2 diabetesp-value†Adj. p value‡Age (years)56.0 (9.0)57.4 (6.5)0.766-65.4 (6.9)< 0.001-BMI (kg/m2)31.2 (6.4)30.5 (5.3)0.799-29.9 (5.2)0.397-VAT (L)5.89 (2.10)4.34 (1.83)<0.001<0.0015.93 (2.56)0.6620.301Visceral fat index (L/m2)2.06 (0.73)1.52 (0.64)<0.001<0.0012.03 (0.84)0.3370.175Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (L)10.48 (4.90)9.42 (4.86)0.2880.0718.58 (3.93)0.1090.339Abdominal fat index (L/m2)5.87 (2.39)4.93 (2.29)0.084<0.0015.04 (1.92)0.0520.024Liver fat (%)8.88 (4.42-13.18)3.29 (1.98-7.25)0.0020.0026.13 (2.77-11.63)0.3920.656MFI (%)7.74 (2.57)7.43 (1.95)0.7480.2928.61 (2.29)0.7360.191Values are mean (SD) (liver fat, median (IQR)). *PsA vs. MDF controls. **PsA vs. MDF controls adjusted for age, sex, and BMI. †PsA vs. Type 2 diabetes. ‡ PsA vs. Type 2 diabetes adjusted for age, sex, and BMI.Figure 1.Body Composition Profiles of IMAPA PsA participants (pink) versus A. UK Biobank matched MDF controls (green), and B. type 2 diabetes (T2D) (green).Conclusion:This is the first study to report that individuals with PsA have a body composition profile associated with an adverse metabolic phenotype, with greater VAT and ectopic liver fat than the general population and more similar to that of type 2 diabetes, in line with their greater cardiometabolic risk. These data mandate a revision of the management approach to PsA that includes attention to weight loss interventions.