Abstract
Based on morphological, anatomical and molecular traits, a new monotypic genus of the Microhylidae is described. One new species of the new genus was discovered in the Fakfak Mountains, northwestern corner of the Bomberai Peninsula, Papua Province, Indonesia. The new taxon, Oninia senglaubi, is a symphignathine member of the subfamily Asterophryinae and differs from all other symphignathine species of the Australopapuan herpetofauna by its extremely small size (snout-urostyle length less than 20 mm). The advertisement call of the new taxon consists of a series of short peeps and these were uttered from small holes in the ground. According to external morphology and osteological characters, it is most closely related to Xenorhina, but according to molecular data (mitochondrial DNA), it is most closely related to the genera Asterophrys, Metamagnusia, and Pseudocallulops. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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