Abstract
This is a review of the literature on the problem of nephrotoxicity of antitumor drugs. Clinical manifestations of nephrotoxicity are considered, including acute/chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (due to infection, hyperuricemia, calciuria, drug effects, etc.); thrombotic microangiopathy with kidney damage; acute tubular necrosis; acute cortical necrosis; thrombosis of the renal artery and its branches; thrombosis of the renal vein, its branches, inferior vena cava; glomerulonephritis (nephritic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome, isolated urinary syndrome; morphological patterns of IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, disease of minimal changes, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, C3 dominant nephropathy, etc.); hempigmental nephropathy (a consequence of acute intravascular hemolysis, less often – rhabdomyolysis); nephrocalcinosis, urolithiasis; pyelonephritis, etc. The classification of antitumor drugs is given. Since different classes of drugs have different mechanisms for the development of nephrotoxicity, the article discusses the main ones with examples. The article also presents well-known and promising approaches to the prevention and treatment of nephrotoxicity of antitumor drugs.
Published Version
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