On the use of laser therapy in dentistry

Abstract

The aim of the research: to optimize the prevention of dental complications by using electromagnetic low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) techniques on dental and periodontal tissues. Research methods. In 138 dental patients, a clinical and functional assessment of the dental apparatus was carried out, dental indices were studied, the results of vascular endothelial parameters (VEGF-A, sVEGF-R1, sVEGF-R2) and immune parameters (FNF, TNF, IFN-γ, neutrophils) of blood serum (solid-phase enzyme immunoassay with a standard set), as well as VAS pain syndrome parameters were analyzed before/after laser therapy of different wavelength, mode and range (red, infrared). Results. The study made it possible to assess the effectiveness of treatment with LILR with one wavelength and in combination of different lengths of laser radiation as independent factors of preventive exposure in dentistry patients. After applying the techniques of transcanal treatment, dental periapical tissues were treated with laser radiation, including root canals (difficult teeth roots), using the C11 attachment from the «Lazmik-01» device. The study used a modulated red spectrum of LILR in continuous and pulsed mode (l = 635 nm) and an infrared pulsed spectrum (l = 904 nm) in a continuous mode with a sequential exposure to red (l = 635 nm) pulsed and infrared continuous laser radiation (l = 904 nm). Emphasis was placed on pain syndrome, vascular endothelial and immune shifts in dental and periodontal tissues before/after using laser therapy in dental patients. Conclusion. The combination of the red spectrum of LILR in pulsed mode (l = 635 nm) with a sequential exposure to infrared laser radiation (l = 904 nm) in continuous mode provides high vascular endothelial responses in the dental and periodontal tissues of the dental apparatus, and the use of red-spectrum laser radiation in continuous mode (l = 635 nm) in dental patients provides antimicrobial and sanitizing effects, including at the level of the root canals, which is more significant than after the use of infrared laser radiation in pulsed mode, when analgesic results are higher.