Laser therapy effect on endothelial dysfunction in patients after the surgery for orthognathic disorders

Abstract

To optimize postoperative rehabilitation by applying low-intensity laser irradiation (LILI) with different wavelengths in the early postoperative period to prevent inflammatory complications. After radiological examination and ultrasound diagnostics of the periodontal tissue vessels, surgical methods of orthognathic treatment were performed, after completion of which a course of LILI was carried out. The VEGF its receptors (sVEGF-R1; sVEGF-R2) content was measured by enzyme immunoassay using standard reagent kits. The laser therapy using 635 nm laser light was applied directly to the vestibular and oral surfaces of the gingival tissues and in the operation area, changeable by the scanning method, for 1.5 minutes (5 W power); the pulsed infrared laser therapy (PILT) with the 904 nm wavelength (light pulse duration 100 s, power 15 W, 1500 Hz) applied epicutaneously to the operation projective zones (four control points of the upper and lower jaw) through the skin of the cheek, in stable method (1.5 minutes) with a time range between red and infrared wavelength LILI not exceeding 100 s (1.5 minutes). Vascular and endothelial dysfunction after laser irradiation with different wavelengths is better controlled by increasing the microcapillary blood flow (66.7% gain; p<0.05) in arteriolar and 70.3% in venular sections of capillaries (p<0.01), which is associated by vasodilatation: diameter increased by 26.9% compared to that under the influence of red laser radiation (by 13.0%) and infrared laser radiation (by 7.2%); p<0.01). Early laser therapy using the low-intensity laser irradiation with different wavelengths improves vasoactive processes of hemoregulation in dental tissues associated with the elimination of vasospasm caused by operative stress, activation of arteriolodilatory effects, contributes to the prevention of development of inflammatory complications.