On the introduction of macrophytophagous fish into the of Berezovskaya-1 power plant cooling pond

Abstract

One of the frequently encountered problems of small cooling ponds at SDPPsis rapid eutrophication and the associatedintensified development of phytoplankton — “hyperblossom” and overgrowth of water bodies with higher aquatic vegetation. As a result of hyperflowering, a huge amount of detritus is deposited on the condenser tubes, reducing the efficiency of the station. The authors analyzed the situation in the cooling pond of Berezovskaya-1 power plant, which was designed with a number of deviations from the “Sanitary rules for the preparation of the reservoir bed and canals for flooding and their sanitary protection”. In this regard, active eutrophication of the reservoir began, which by 2001 reached the stage of “hyper-flowering”. Higher aquatic vegetation has spread in shallow waters and formed “islands” around the peat floating up from the bottom. Among the known measures to combat plant forms, the most environmentally friendly and economically acceptable method of cleaning water bodies with the help of amelioration fish — the silver carp microphytophage and grass carp macrophytophage — is recognized as the most environmentally friendly and economically acceptable. With the undoubted advantage of this method, it has weaknesses, for example, long-term consequences for aboriginal ichthyocenoses in connection with the introduction of competing fish. Due to the fact that, with a sufficient amount of plant feed, grass carp is not a food competitor for the fish and introduced species of the Bereshskoye reservoir and cannot reproduce in the natural environment, it will not reduce the production of local ichthyofauna. Itis recommended to take into account that with a decrease inichthyomass, the infested objectis able to significantly expand the range of food due to benthic and planktonic animals. At the same time, systematic control over the size of the grass carp population should become a mandatory measure, providing for an increase in the commercial catch at the first signs of suppression of aquatic phytocenoses. The authors have calculated the norms of planting material for stocking the cooling pond at Berezovskaya-1 power plant and the fish-breeding indicators that can be obtained 4 years after stocking the cooling pond with grass carp.