On the Influence of Nanoporous Layer Fabricated by PMEDM on β-Ti Implant: Biological and Computational Evaluation of Bone- Implant Interface

Abstract

In this research paper, a biomimetic noval nano-porous layer has been fabricated directly on the β-phase Ti alloy based implant using powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) technique to enhance the bone-implant bio-mechanical anchorage. The PMEDM produce a microrough surface with high aspect ratio of interconnected nano-porosities (∼200–500 nm). The viability and mineralization of human osteoblast-like (MG-63) cells in nano-porous surface produced by PMEDM has been analyzed by the In-Vitro bioactivity analysis. The results confirmed that the nano-porous surface obtained by PMEDM facilitated the higher adhesion and growth of osteoblaic like cell (MG-63) when compared to non-porous specimen’s surface. In the current study, we access the change in the size of surface characteristics (nano-porosities) in line with bone-implant interface strength. The bio-mechanical behavior in terms of tensile and shears strength of bone-implant interface strength results from three dimensional finite element simulations. A comparative analysis has been made against the different implant surface porosities induced by PMEDM, EDM and plane surface geometries (non-porous). The results obtained by FEA reviled that the nano-porous surface produced by PMEDM allow full interlocking of mineralized tissue produce exhibit higher bone/implant interface strengths as compared with models containing EDMed pores geometry and plane surface geometries (non-porous).