Abstract

In the gauge theory the conventional Faddeev-Popov's gauge-fixing procedure is shown to be ambiguous even in the Abelian case, and a unique treatment of this procedure is presented. Using this newly proposed procedure, we have gauge-independent results in both Abelian and non-Abelian cases. Especially, in the two space-time dimensions, it is found that the Gribov ambiguity quite drastically changes the whole result.

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