On the existence of derivations as square roots of generators of state-symmetric quantum Markov semigroups

Abstract

Cipriani and Sauvageot have shown that for any [Formula: see text]-generator [Formula: see text] of a tracially symmetric quantum Markov semigroup on a C*-algebra [Formula: see text] there exists a densely defined derivation [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text] to a Hilbert bimodule [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. Here, we show that this construction of a derivation can in general not be generalized to quantum Markov semigroups that are symmetric with respect to a non-tracial state. In particular, we show that all derivations to Hilbert bimodules can be assumed to have a concrete form, and then we use this form to show that in the finite-dimensional case the existence of such a derivation is equivalent to the existence of a positive matrix solution of a system of linear equations. We solve this system of linear equations for concrete examples using Mathematica to complete the proof.