On the Development of Compact Super-Wideband Fractal Antenna

Abstract

Objective: To design and fabricate a compact fractal antenna with high Bandwidth Ratio (BR) and Bandwidth Dimension Ratio (BDR) for Super-Wideband (SWB) and upcoming wireless communication applications. Methods: High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is used for all the required simulations regarding antenna prototype design and optimization. The proposed antenna consists of nested square fractal in a circular ring and with a rounded corner notch loaded partial ground, which is designed and fabricated on 1 mm thick FR4 substrate. Findings: The final results evince that proposed antenna has an operating bandwidth of 36.5 GHz (2.37- 38.95 GHz), with a reflection coefficient (S11) less than -10 dB. It has a maximum gain of 13.4 dBi, BDR of 3498, and BR of 16.4:1. It has an Electrical dimension of 0.22  0.23 l 2. The proposed antenna’s resonating and radiation characteristics have been validated experimentally. Simulated and experimentally measured results are in good agreement with each other. Novelty: The key benefits of the proposed antenna are small electrical dimensions, large bandwidth, and a high BDR. The proposed antenna is suitable for numerous wireless applications such as WLAN, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, 5G communication in sub-6Ghz band as well as in mm Wave frequency band, and S, C, X, Ku, and Ka bands applications. Keywords: Bandwidth Dimension Ratio; Compact; Electrical Dimension; Nested Square Fractal; Super-wideband