On the assessment of the environmental ecological state in coastal cities

Abstract

Engineering and environmental support of safe urban space is an important scientific and practical task, since it is based on the consideration of the territorial natural factors, the introduction of design and planning solutions for the urban and suburban areas’ development, the use of environmentally friendly materials in construction and operation. It is especially important to conduct the research on environmental risks in coastal areas of the cities that have recreational facilities. The goals and objectives of the research are to clarify the features of the city plans’ impact on the formation of the main environmental territorial problems (the level of the environmental components’ pollution, landscape changes, waste management) and evaluate the current environmental status using the example of Yalta to develop the environmental engineering recommendations for their solution. In the process of systematic selection of grounds and soils in the main functional areas (resort-recreational, residential, transport-industrial, agricultural and nature reserve), several categories of pollution were identified: conditionally clean territories, weak pollution of the territories, average pollution of the territories, dangerous pollution of the territories. Based on the field studies and their engineering processing, eight zones of environmental risk were identified within the territory of the Big Yalta: a waste landfill near the village Gaspra; the mouth of the Vodopadnaya river and the adjacent water area of the Yalta city beach; channel, floodplain and wellhead parts of the river. The fast and adjacent waters of the Yalta Passenger Seaport; the mouth of the river Avunda and the adjacent waters of the beaches of the village Gurzuf and YRC “Artek”. As a result of the study, the dependences of the ecological situation formation in the coastal urban areas on the various urban areas planning decisions features (for example, Big Yalta).