Abstract

Élodie Attia examines the question of the relationship between early Ashkenazic Bible manuscripts and the Tiberian tradition as recorded in the earliest Tiberian manuscripts, especially the Leningrad Codex and the Damascus Pentateuch. The main Ashkenazic manuscript chosen for the study is Vat. Ebr. 14. The study challenges an earlier claim by Pérez Castro that early Ashkenazic Bible manuscripts were far removed from the Tiberian tradition in comparison with Sephardic manuscripts. Attia shows that by enlarging the corpus of Tiberian manuscripts and by including Ashkenazic manuscripts earlier than those previously studied, the relations between the two corpora appear more complex than has hitherto been believed.

Highlights

  • We survey two sources of inscriptional evidence—Neo-Punic inscriptions from North Africa and Latin and Neo-Punic inscriptions from Sardinia—exploring the implications for better understanding the structure of the Neo-Punic vowel system, that of Latin in© R

  • When attempting to draw solid conclusions from the evidence of the transcriptions, it must always be kept in mind that ancient Israel has been home to many different Hebrew dialects and reading traditions throughout the centuries

  • We have suggested that the introduction of gemination into this form was a product of the reading tradition rather than the living language; it should be compared to the phenomenon of dagesh mavḥin attested in both Tiberian and Babylonian Hebrew

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Summary

Introduction

We survey two sources of inscriptional evidence—Neo-Punic inscriptions from North Africa and Latin and Neo-Punic inscriptions from Sardinia—exploring the implications for better understanding the structure of the Neo-Punic vowel system, that of Latin in© R. The early masoretic treatises discuss many different phonetic contexts in which an isolated, word-internal shewa not under a geminated consonant is pronounced as vocal, in contrast to the general rule These include the shewa under the ‫ מ‬of the word-initial cluster -‫ ַה ְְמ‬(under certain conditions); a shewa under the first of a pair of identical consonants (always when preceded by a long vowel, and often when preceded by a short vowel); the shewa in certain forms of the verbs ‫,בְ ְַרְך/ ִה ְת ָּברְך‬ ‫ ;גְ ְרׁש , ְָּא ְַכל , ָּיְ ְַרד , ְָּה ַלְְך‬the shewa beneath a sibilant following conjunctive waw (under certain conditions); various other smaller classes of phonetic contexts (Yeivin 1968, 22–49).

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