On Secure Wireless Sensor Networks With Cooperative Energy Harvesting Relaying

Anh-Nhat Nguyen,Zubair Ahmed Baig,Van Nhan Vo,Dac-Binh Ha,Chakchai So-In,Surasak Sanguanpong

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2941915

Anh-Nhat Nguyen, Zubair Ahmed Baig + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2941915

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In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security (PLS) of a wireless sensor network (WSN) that consists of a base station (BS), multiple sensor nodes (SNs), and multiple energy-limited relays (ERs) in the presence of a passive eavesdropper (EAV). We adopt a time-switching/power-splitting (TSPS) mechanism for information transmission. The communication protocol is divided into two phases. The purpose of the first phase is to decode information, and energy harvesting (EH) is performed in accordance with the TSPS protocol. The purpose of the second phase is to transmit information to multiple destinations using the amplify-and-forward (AF) technique. In this study, we introduce a multirelay cooperative scheme (MRCS) to improve the secrecy performance. We derive analytical expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of the MRCS and that of the noncooperative relay scheme (NCRS) by using the statistical characteristics of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Specifically, we propose an optimal relay selection scheme to guarantee the security of the system for the MRCS. In addition, Monte Carlo simulation results are presented to confirm the accuracy of our analysis based on simulations of the secrecy performance under various system parameters, such as the positions and number of ERs, the EH time, and the EH efficiency coefficients. Finally, the simulation results show that the secrecy performance of our MRCS is higher than that of the NCRS and the traditional cooperative relay scheme (TCRS).

Highlights

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted substantial attention in the research community over the last few years, driven by a wealth of theoretical and practical challenges as well as an increasing number of practical civilian applications [1]–[4]
The noncooperative energy-limited relays (ERs) scheme (NCRS): The best ER is chosen from among multiple ERs to forward the signal to the sensor nodes (SNs) [45], [46]
The traditional cooperative relay scheme (TCRS): The base station (BS) cooperates with the best ER to forward the signal to the SN [54]

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted substantial attention in the research community over the last few years, driven by a wealth of theoretical and practical challenges as well as an increasing number of practical civilian applications [1]–[4]. To improve the reachability of WSNs, forwarding nodes have been proposed and deployed [7]–[11] for realworld cases in which the distances between a BS and the SNs are greater than the transmission range [8]. In such a case, the BS and SNs cannot directly communicate with each other; this leads to a need for intermediate nodes that can act as relays. Vallimayil et al described the characteristics of relays, various deployment

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