On quantum channels generated by covariant positive operator-valued measures on a locally compact group

Abstract

We introduce positive operator-valued measure (POVM) generated by the projective unitary representation of a direct product of locally compact Abelian group G with its dual \({\hat{G}}\). The method is based upon the Pontryagin duality allowing to establish an isometrical isomorphism between the space of Hilbert–Schmidt operators in \(L^2(G)\) and the Hilbert space \(L^2({\hat{G}}\times G)\). Any such a measure determines a pair of hybrid (containing classical and quantum parts) quantum channels consisting of the measurement channel and the channel transmitting an initial quantum state to the ensemble of quantum states on the group. It is shown that the second channel can be called a complementary channel to the measurement channel.