Abstract
The output frequency of an on-board atomic clock changes with a change in the external magnetic field as it is a magnetic sensitive device. In this paper, the phase comparison method is employed for the main and standby atomic clocks to evaluate the frequency stability of 10 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO for short) navigation satellite atomic clocks equipped with hydrogen atomic clocks. The average short-term stability is higher than 1×10−12 τ −1/2, and the daily stability is higher than 7×10−15. Based on this stability level, this paper presents a preliminary evaluation of the magnetic frequency shift in the atomic clock in the navigation satellite. The magnetorquer can cause a shift in the magnetic frequency of the atomic clock to an order of 1×10−13. In addition, the continuous operation of the magnetic torque converter for 1 h will cause the prediction error of the clock difference to be 0.4 ns. In this paper, the working state of the on-orbit magnetorquer is equivalent to the magnetic frequency shift noise, and its influence on the stability of the on-board atomic clock is simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the magnetic frequency shift noise worsens the long-term stability of the on-board atomic clock, especially for those with higher stability. Furthermore, the possible ways of minimizing the effect of the magnetic frequency shift on the atomic clock are discussed.
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