Abstract

In this note, the 3D similarity datum transformation problem with Gauss–Helmert model, also known as the 3D symmetric Helmert transformation, is studied. The closed-form least-squares solution, i.e., without iteration, to this problem is derived. It is found that the rotation parameters in this solution are the same to that for the transformation with Gauss–Markov model, while the scale and translation parameters differ from each other.

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