Abstract

Energy efficiency in a data center is a challenge and has garnered researchers interest. In this study, we addressed the energy efficiency issue of a small scale data center by utilizing Single Board Computer (SBC)-based clusters. A compact layout was designed to build two clusters using 20 nodes each. Extensive testing was carried out to analyze the performance of these clusters using popular performance benchmarks for task execution time, memory/storage utilization, network throughput and energy consumption. Further, we investigated the cost of operating SBC-based clusters by correlating energy utilization for the execution time of various benchmarks using workloads of different sizes. Results show that, although the low-cost benefit of a cluster built with ARM-based SBCs is desirable, these clusters yield low comparable performance and energy efficiency due to limited onboard capabilities. It is possible to tweak Hadoop configuration parameters for an ARM-based SBC cluster to efficiently utilize resources. We present a discussion on the effectiveness of the SBC-based clusters as a testbed for inexpensive and green cloud computing research.

Highlights

  • Energy consumption in data centers is a major concern for green computing research

  • We present a discussion on the effectiveness of the Single Board Computer (SBC)-based clusters as a testbed for inexpensive and green cloud computing research

  • 2017 Green Peace [1] clean report, the global energy consumption for data centers is estimated to be over 31 GigaWatts, and only 2 GigaWatts can be attributed to energy from renewable resources

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Summary

Introduction

Energy consumption in data centers is a major concern for green computing research. In the2017 Green Peace [1] clean report, the global energy consumption for data centers is estimated to be over 31 GigaWatts, and only 2 GigaWatts can be attributed to energy from renewable resources.The NRDA [2] estimated that, in the US alone, data centers consume 91 billion kilowatts hours (kWh) of energy, which is estimated to increase by 141 billion kWh every year until 2020, costing businesses$13 billion annually in electricity bills and emitting nearly 100 million metric tons of carbon pollution per year. Energy consumption in data centers is a major concern for green computing research. 2017 Green Peace [1] clean report, the global energy consumption for data centers is estimated to be over 31 GigaWatts, and only 2 GigaWatts can be attributed to energy from renewable resources. The Raspberry Pi Foundation [26] developed a credit card-sized SBC called Raspberry Pi (RPi). This development was aimed at creating a platform for teaching computer science and relevant technologies at the school level. As well as the cost of energy consumption of an RPi, are low, the computer itself has many limitations in terms of shared compute and memory resources

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