Abstract
The emergence of a new pandemic, known as COVID-19, has touched various sections of the supply chain (SC). Since then, numerous studies have been conducted on the issue, but the need for a holistic review study that highlights the gaps and limits of previous research, as well as opportunities and agendas for future studies, is palpable. Through a systematic literature review on blockchain technology (BCT) deployment in supply-chain management (SCM) concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, this research seeks to add to the content of previous studies and to enlighten the path for future studies. Relevant papers were found using a variety of resources (Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ProQuest). Seventy-two articles were systematically selected, considering the PRISMA procedure, and were thoroughly analyzed based on BCT, methodologies, industrial sectors, geographical, and sustainability context. According to our findings, there is a significant lack of empirical and quantitative methodologies in the literature. The majority of studies did not take specific industries into account. Furthermore, the articles focusing on the sustainability context are few, particularly regarding social and environmental issues. In addition, most of the reviewed papers did not consider the geographical context. The results indicate that the deployment of BCT in several sectors is not uniform, and this utilization is reliant on their services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the concentration of research on the impacts of the BCT on SCM differs according to the conditions of various countries in terms of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings also show that there is a direct relationship between the deployment of BCT and sustainability factors, such as economic and waste issues, under the circumstances surrounding COVID-19. Finally, this study offers research opportunities and agendas to help academics and other stakeholders to gain a better knowledge of the present literature, recognize aspects that necessitate more exploration, and drive prospective studies.
Highlights
Many serious disease outbreaks have occurred in supply chains in the past; the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) has recorded several epidemics and pandemics in the last decade alone [1]
This section examinedReview the BCTAnalysis categories, methodologies, industrial sectors, geoThis contexts, section examined the BCTissues categories, methodologies, industrialidentified sectors, graphical and sustainability employed in the 72 publications geographical contexts, and sustainability issues employed the 72 publications identified by our searching techniques
The findings revealed thoseinjournals that have published a great deal of research on the COVID-19 pandemic in supply chain (SC)
Summary
Many serious disease outbreaks have occurred in supply chains in the past; the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) has recorded several epidemics and pandemics in the last decade alone [1]. Major public health crises can have serious consequences for enterprises and supply chains, such as lowering efficacy and productivity [2,3,4], and spreading ripple effects, compromising their resilience, sustainability, and long-term viability [5]. COVID-19 has influenced all elements of the supply chain (SC) network at the same time, causing significant disruption in the supply chain’s flow [6,7]. All sectors, including supplies, transportation, and production, have been adversely impacted by interruptions caused by quarantines, the shutting-down of various sectors, and uncertainty in supply and demand due to government restrictions. The majority of technology companies have seen a similar uptick in demand [15], due to the pandemic compelling academic organizations to utilize digital services for online teaching and forcing corporations to enable their staff to work remotely [16]
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