On Channel Quantization for Spin-Torque Transfer Magnetic Random Access Memory

Abstract

As emerging memories such as spin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) suffer from reliability issues caused by process variations and thermal fluctuations, the design of channel quantizer with the minimum number of quantization bits is critical to support effective error correction coding for ensuring high-density and high-speed memory data storage. In this paper, we first propose a quantized channel model for STT-MRAM. Based on the quantized channel model, we derive various information theoretic bounds, including the mutual information, cutoff rate, and the Polyanskiy-Poor-Verdu (PPV) finite-length performance bound. By using these bounds as design criteria, we optimize the quantizer design for the polar-coded STT-MRAM channel. Moreover, we also propose a polar-code-specific quantization design with the successive cancellation decoding algorithm, by using the block error probability bound obtained from density evolution (DE). Simulation results show that all our proposed quantizers generally outperform the prior art greedy merging quantizer. In addition, both the cutoff rate and PPV bound based quantizers outperform the most widely applied mutual information based quantizer for short-length polar codes with 2-bit quantization. Furthermore, the DE quantizer designed specifically for polar codes achieves the best performance among all the proposed quantizers.