Abstract
Wheat is a highly relevant crop worldwide, and like other massive crops, it is susceptible to foliar diseases, which can cause devastating losses. The current strategies to counteract wheat diseases include global monitoring of pathogens, developing resistant genetic varieties, and agrochemical applications upon diseases’ appearance. However, the suitability of these strategies is far from permanent, so other alternatives based on the stimulation of the plants’ systemic responses are being explored. Plants’ defense mechanisms can be elicited in response to the perception of molecules mimicking the signals triggered upon the attack of phytopathogens, such as the release of plant and fungal cell wall-derived oligomers, including pectin and chitin derivatives, respectively. Among the most studied cell wall-derived bioelicitors, oligogalacturonides and oligochitosans have received considerable attention in recent years due to their ability to trigger defense responses and enhance the synthesis of antipathogenic compounds in plants. Particularly, in wheat, the application of bioelicitors induces lignification and accumulation of polyphenolic compounds and increases the gene expression of pathogenesis-related proteins, which together reduce the severity of fungal infections. Therefore, exploring the use of cell wall-derived elicitors, known as oligosaccharins, stands as an attractive option for the management of crop diseases by improving plant readiness for responding promptly to potential infections. This review explores the potential of plant- and fungal-derived oligosaccharins as a practical means to be implemented in wheat crops.
Highlights
The harvest of wheat in 2020 was around 757.6 million tons
This review highlights wheat as one of the main vegetal models for its role in worldwide nourishment, and the potential use of oligosaccharin fragments derived from these carbohydrates either cell wall of plants or fungi have an elicitor activity in the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in wheat as an alternative to decreasing the need for synthetic chemicals to protect this crop from diseases [13,14,15,16]
Polymers 2021, 13, 3105 on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which possesses a group of conserved domains that include extracellular leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase or lysin motif domain and cytoplasmic kinase [17]. These domains are similar in structure to a family of plant transmembrane receptor-like kinases that are crucial for recognizing elicitor molecules, and for their effectiveness on the sequential expression of genes related to defense [22]; pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) triggers wall-associated kinase proteins, increasing the expression of genes involved in quantitative resistance [23]
Summary
The harvest of wheat in 2020 was around 757.6 million tons. For Central America and the Caribbean, the production was below the estimated average this year [1]. Mainly triazoles like propiconazole, triadimefon, or fenpropimorph, are commonly used to treat cereal fungal diseases This group of fungicides has low biodegradability and is highly persistent in soil and water. Plants possess a complex defense system that includes broad and specific responses such as accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased expression of defense-related genes, activation of proteins that respond to pathogens, and the synthesis of phytoalexins and phytohormones. This review highlights wheat as one of the main vegetal models for its role in worldwide nourishment, and the potential use of oligosaccharin fragments derived from these carbohydrates either cell wall of plants or fungi have an elicitor activity in the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in wheat as an alternative to decreasing the need for synthetic chemicals to protect this crop from diseases [13,14,15,16]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
