Abstract
Issues of oil spills in various locations worldwide have been widely published in several studies. However, studies on policy management and strategies for handling cases related to oil spills are still limited. As one of the largest oil-producing countries with international shipping traffic, Indonesia is vulnerable to oil spills. Therefore, by drawing upon evidence from Bintan Island, this study aims to provide recommendations for stakeholders concerning governance and policy to address the oil spill case, which has had adverse social, economic, and environmental impacts. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion, observation, actual online news, and official government reports using a case study approach. The result indicates that the local government is slow in responding to Bintan Island’s reoccurring yearly oil spillage. Policy responses are still focused on repressive and conventional methods. Hence, preventive and multi-stakeholder governance is required to handle oil spills. Furthermore, this study provides an overview of the oil spill problem and its management strategy in developing countries, especially Indonesia.
Highlights
Oil is a natural product often used to meet industrial, transportation, and household needs
Cases of oil spills often occur in various countries, thereby leading to polluted sea conditions and socio-economic losses [49,50,60], similar in Riau Islands Province, Indonesia
Cases of oil spills occur in this region [61], with the worst hit for the last five years being Bintan Island [42]
Summary
Oil is a natural product often used to meet industrial, transportation, and household needs. The oil industry explores this natural product in the high seas waters [1], where its trade flows are transported by tankers [2] This situation impacts increasing the potential for oil spills in the sea [3,4,5]. According to the UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) [6], transporting crude oil and petroleum products by sea reached 59.503 billion ton-miles in 2019. This sometimes leads to oil spills capable of polluting the sea and damaging the environment
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