Abstract
Ocean can provide an inexhaustible amount of energy. Many marine energy converters have been developed but most of them have not surpassed the experimental phase due to the high costs in installation, operation, and maintenance. Since 2002 Uppsala University has developed and deployed several units of wave energy converters of various designs. The Uppsala University wave energy converter concept consists of a linear generator directly connected to a point absorber buoy that is mounted on a concrete gravity foundation. Uppsala University deployments have been carried out using different deployment vessels and methods. Three main methods were utilized for these deployments that are discussed in terms of cost, manpower, and time efficiency. Depending on the desired outcome—multiple- or single-device deployment, low budget, etc.—one of the proposed methods can be used for the optimal outcome.
Highlights
Many types of wave energy converters (WECs) have been developed and tested worldwide [3–9] only a small percentage of those has gone beyond the experimental phase, indicatively the Pelamis, the Wave Dragon
The focus is on the methods used to deploy the Uppsala University (UU) WECs offshore in the past years and each UU deployment is given as an example of the deployment method implementation
All the deployment expenses mentioned in this paper are extended in a time span of 10 years and initially given in SEK, and have been converted to their net present value (NPV) of January 2019,1 and consecutively converted to USD in prices of January 2019,2,3
Summary
With the perpetual use of fossil fuels and the consecutive climate change, research is turning to electricity derived from non-pollutant, endless resources. Many types of wave energy converters (WECs) have been developed and tested worldwide [3–9] only a small percentage of those has gone beyond the experimental phase, indicatively the Pelamis, the Wave Dragon, In this paper, the focus is on the methods used to deploy the Uppsala University (UU) WECs offshore in the past years and each UU deployment is given as an example of the deployment method implementation. This way, an optimal offshore deployment methodology can be developed to make future installations as efficient as possible in terms of safety, costs, and time. All the deployment expenses mentioned in this paper are extended in a time span of 10 years and initially given in SEK, and have been converted to their net present value (NPV) of January 2019,1 and consecutively converted to USD in prices of January 2019,2,3
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