Abstract
The analytical solution for the propagation of the laser beam with optical vortex through the system of lenses is presented. The optical vortex is introduced into the laser beam (described as Gaussian beam) by spiral phase plate. The solution is general as it holds for the optical vortex of any integer topological charge, the off-axis position of the spiral phase plate and any number of lenses. Some intriguing conclusions are discussed. The higher order vortices are unstable and split under small phase or amplitude disturbance. Nevertheless, we have shown that off-axis higher order vortices are stable during the propagation through the set of lenses described in paraxial approximation, which is untypical behavior. The vortex trajectory registered at image plane due to spiral phase plate shift behaves like a rigid body. We have introduced a new factor which in our beam plays the same role as Gouy phase in pure Gaussian beam.
Highlights
The question of generation and propagation of light fields containing optical vortices [1,2,3] is getting attention in many fields of modern optical science nowadays
The vortex was split into three single vortices. To summarize this part: We have shown that the higher order vortices when propagating through the set of classical lenses described in paraxial approximation will not split regardless of asymmetry introduced by the off axis position of the SPP
There is a growing interest in the exact theory describing the propagation of the optical vortex beams in the optical system, in particular in a system with broken symmetry
Summary
The question of generation and propagation of light fields containing optical vortices [1,2,3] is getting attention in many fields of modern optical science nowadays. The fundamental case of such a field is vortex beam-the well-defined, single beam (as, for example, LG beam [4,5]), carrying the optical vortex of any order. Many different problems concerning the generation and propagation of the vortex beam have been considered in the literature so far. Some of them consider optical fields containing the lattice of vortices generated, for example, by three or more plane or spherical waves interference [6,7,8,9]; or so called composed vortices, i.e., vortices which are generated by two or more overlapping beams [10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. In more advanced approaches the propagation of vortex beam with broken symmetry or through the system with broken symmetry
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