Abstract
An angular coupling configuration is shown to facilitate phase-matched second harmonic generation between the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> fundamental and TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> second harmonic modes of a LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> planar waveguide. For an incident coupling angle of 10°, 2.6% coupling efficiency is achieved for the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> waveguide mode, thus permitting visible light generation at the wavelength of 402.4 nm through phase-matching to the TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> second harmonic mode. For a 2.8 mm-long LiNbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> planar waveguide excited at an energy of 1.8 nJ, the second harmonic generation conversion efficiency is 4.6 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> . The ability of this angular coupling scheme to facilitate phase-matched frequency-conversion makes it ideal for use in optical computing, optical communications, and quantum computing.
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