Odontogenic maxillofacial space infections at a tertiary care center in North India: a five-year retrospective study

Abstract

Odontogenic infections contribute to a significant proportion of maxillofacial space infections (MSI) across the world. MSI can cause several life-threatening complications despite skillful management. The objective of this study was to review the clinical characteristics, management, and outcome of odontogenic MSI treated at a tertiary care center, and to identify the factors predisposing to life-threatening complications. A retrospective chart review of all patients treated for MSI from January 2006 to December 2010 at the Christian Medical College Hospital in Ludhiana, North India, was conducted. Out of 137 patients identified, 66.4% were men. Mean patient age was 40 years, and 24.1% of the patients were diabetic. The most common origin was pulpal (70.8%), the most common space involved was the submandibular space, and the most common teeth responsible were the lower third molars. Twenty patients (14.6%) developed complications. Diabetes, multiple space involvement, and a total leukocyte count of ≥15×10(9)/l were associated with complications. Patients with MSI who present with multiple space involvement, a high leukocyte count, and those with diabetes are at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications and need to be closely monitored.