Abstract
<i>Vandeleuria o</i>. <i>oleracea, </i>a rodent, has an odd diploid number of chromosomes (2n = 29) in somatic and germ cells of males as well as in somatic cells of females. The odd element, which is constantly present in both sexes, is a member of a sex-chromosome complex, for it forms a characteristic sex heterotrivalent during male meiosis. In both somatic and germ cells of the male, an X<sub>1</sub>X<sub>2</sub>Y multiple sex-chromosome complex is present. In the female, only somatic cells have been studied, and in these an X<sub>1</sub>X<sub>1</sub>X<sub>2</sub>complex is found. The relative length of the presumptive X<sub>1 </sub>is 3.3 <i>± </i>0.06% and of the X<sub>2</sub>, 2.1 ± 0.08% of the haploid complement.
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