Ocular Manifestations Revealing of Behçet's Disease: About 42 Cases

Abstract

Introduction: Behçet's disease is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystem of unknown etiology, characterized by oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and eye lesions. Ophthalmological manifestations of Behcet's disease are numerous and are often indicative of the disease. Our job is to study these events in a group of patients in whom the ophthalmologic involvement was indicative of Behcet's disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study in the ophthalmology department at the military hospital of instruction Mohamed V in Rabat between January 2009 and December 2015. It involved 42 patients who initially consulted for eye symptoms and in that the diagnosis of Behçet's disease was selected based on the criteria of ISG. Results: The initial ocular demonstrations were non-granulomatous anterior uveitis in (15,06%) of which (10,9%) with hypopyon, intermediate uveitis (9.5%), ocular hyalite (12.32%), panuveitis in (41,1%), retinal vasculitis (16.43%), retinal vein occlusion (3.6%), papillary edema (1.8%). The criteria used for the diagnosis of Behcet's disease were essentially have oral ulceration, genital ulceration and pathergy test. Discussion: In 10% to 20% of cases, ocular involvement may be opening, remaining isolated for several years. The most frequently revealing clinical aspects of Behcet's disease are the anterior uveitis, and vasculitis panuveites. Conclusion: the ethnic and geographic origin of the patient, the young age and some clinical features of ocular lesions should remind ophthalmologists to Behcet's disease to inflammation of one of the ocular structures and encourages him to seek other diagnostic criteria in collaboration with other specialities