Ocular blood flow and myopia

Abstract

AbstractPurpose: It has previously been found that imposing positive defocus changes axial length and choroidal thickness after only 30 minutes. In the present study, we investigated whether these changes may result from an altered choroidal blood flow.Methods: Eighteen young adult subjects watched a movie from a large screen (65 inch) in a dark room at 2 m distance. A fifteen‐minute wash‐out period was followed by 30 minutes of watching the movie with a monocular positive defocus (+2.5D). Changes in axial length and ocular blood flow were measured before and after the defocus, by using low‐coherent interferometer (LS 900, Haag‐Streit, Switzerland) and a laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) RetFlow unit (Nidek Co., LTD, Japan), respectively. Three regions were analysed: (1) the macular area, where choroidal blood flow can be measured, (2) the optic nerve head (ONH), and (3) retinal vessel segments.Results: Changes in choroidal blood flow were significantly and negatively correlated with changes in axial length that followed positive defocus in exposed eyes (R = −0.67, p < 0.01). The absolute values of changes in choroidal blood flow in the defocused eyes were significantly larger than in the fellow control eyes. ONH and retinal blood flow were not associated with the induced changes in axial length.Conclusions: Positive defocus selectively alters choroidal, but not retinal or ONH blood flow in young human subjects after short‐term visual exposure. The results suggest that blood flow modulation is involved in the mechanism of choroidal responses to optical defocus.