Abstract
Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are common gastrointestinal protozoa in mammals. Many studies have been conducted on the distribution of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. genotypes in sheep and cattle. However, in China, information about molecular characterization and genetic analysis of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in goats is limited. In this study, 342 fecal samples from adult goats were collected from 12 farms in Sichuan Province, China. The occurrence of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in adult goats was 14.9% (51/342) and 4.7% (16/342), respectively. All G. duodenalis were identified as assemblage E, with two novel genotypes (assemblages E17 and E18) being detected at the beta-giardin (bg) locus. Based on three loci—beta-giardin (bg), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh)—multilocus sequence typing revealed three novel multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of assemblage E (MLG-E1, E2, E3 (sc)). Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA-based PCR identified two Cryptosporidium species, namely C. xiaoi (11/16) and C. suis (5/16). This study is not only the first to report C. suis infection in adult goats in China but is also the first to use the MLG approach to identify G. duodenalis in adult goats.
Highlights
Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are two genera of intestinal parasitic protozoa that infect humans and a broad range of animals, including livestock, companion animals, and wildlife [1,2,3]
It has been reported that G. duodenalis assemblages A, B, and E are capable of infecting goats [7], and of these, assemblage E has been commonly detected in goats worldwide [8,9,10,11]
Giardia duodenalis was detected in 51 of 324 (14.9%) fecal samples from adult goats, which was higher than that observed in Shaanxi (10.8%) [14], Anhui (6.3%) [11], or Heilingjiang (2.9%) [13], but lower than that in Henan (17.3%) [14]
Summary
Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are two genera of intestinal parasitic protozoa that infect humans and a broad range of animals, including livestock, companion animals, and wildlife [1,2,3]. Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium from adult goats in Sichuan Province the host, and clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to acute or chronic diarrheal disease [5,6]. Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are two of the most common identified parasitic protists in ruminants (i.e., cattle, goat, and sheep) and G. duodenalis is considered a multispecies complex with at least eight distinct assemblages (A–H). The zoonotic assemblages A and B have been detected in goats, which suggests a potential threat to human beings [12,13,14,15,16]
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