Abstract
The aim of the present study was to monitor the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli on farm A with the history of previous use of ceftiofur in suckling pigletsand to analyse the risk factors of selection and dissemination of ESBL producers in the production herd. In the year of 2014, a total of 411 samples (rectal swabs or faeces)from pigs of various age categories (sows, gilts and suckling piglets) were collected. The sampling was performed more than 24 months after the ban of ceftiofur on the farm.The sows and gilts were sampled repeatedly before and after farrowing. All collected samples were directly cultivated on MacConkey agar (MCA) containing cefotaxime (2 mg/l) and obtained sub-cultures were tested for ESBL production by double disc synergy test. According to our results, all gilts were negative for ESBL-producing E. coli in the introduction period, however, the excretion of ESBL-producing E. coli was observed before and after delivery. Most of the new-born piglets from positive sows and gilts shed ESBL-producing E. coli early after birth. All tested ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials, suggesting that antibiotics from other groups used for therapy co-select for ESBL producers in pigs on the studied farm. Intestinal colonization of lactating sows and their offspring as well as survival of ESBL-producing E. coli in the farm environment should be recognised as important risk factors of circulation and long-time persistence of ESBL producers in the herd.
Highlights
The aim of the present study was to monitor the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli on farm A with the history of previous use of ceftiofur in suckling pigletsand to analyse the risk factors of selection and dissemination of ESBL producers in the production herd
The aim of the study was to evaluate the circulation of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in sows and their piglets on farm A two years after a voluntary withdrawal of ceftiofur that had been used as part of the control program against Streptococcus suis in sucking piglets, and to determine the occurrence of ESBL-producing E. coli in gilts originating from a multiplier herd on farm B where cephalosporins had never been used
ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were found in rectal swabs of 25 (25%, n=100) pregnant sows
Summary
The aim of the present study was to monitor the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli on farm A with the history of previous use of ceftiofur in suckling pigletsand to analyse the risk factors of selection and dissemination of ESBL producers in the production herd. All tested ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials, suggesting that antibiotics from other groups used for therapy co-select for ESBL producers in pigs on the studied farm. Cephalosporins are widely prescribed against various enteric infections in farm and pet animals (Hornish and Kotarski 2002).The resistance of enteric bacteria totheir antimicrobials is mostly caused by the bacterial production of extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) or AmpC beta-lactamases (Smet et al 2010). These enzymes are classified into several groups, among which CTX-M enzymes are the most prevalent, successively disseminating in animals and humans all over the world (D’Andrea et al 2013). Increasing prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli led to a voluntary ban or significant reduction of cephalosporin use in pig production in some European countries (EMA 2015)
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