Abstract
For women with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) trait symptoms, coping with childbearing and parenting could be associated with postpartum depressive symptoms. Therefore, the possible relationship between OCPD trait symptoms and trajectories of postpartum depressive symptoms was examined. A cohort of 1427 women was followed from late pregnancy until 12 months’ postpartum. Trajectories of postpartum depressive symptoms were determined using growth mixture modeling with five repeated assessments. Next, the relationship between OCPD trait symptoms and these trajectories was examined through multinomial regression. Three postpartum depressive symptom trajectories were identified: (1) low symptoms (92%), (2) increasing-decreasing symptoms (inverted u-shape) (5%), and (3) increasing symptoms (3%). OCPD trait symptoms were associated with a higher likelihood of the trajectories increasing-decreasing symptoms (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.14–1.39) and increasing symptoms (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.02–1.32), compared to reference trajectory (low symptoms), adjusted for age, educational level, unplanned pregnancy, previous depressive episode (s), and parity.
Highlights
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is one of the most common personality disorders in the general population (3–8%) (Diedrich and Voderholzer 2015) but has almost never been studied during the perinatal period (Akman et al.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.2007)
The Pearson r correlations between obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) trait symptoms reported during pregnancy and depressive symptoms assessed at the four postpartum measurements ranged from .28 to .32 (p < .001, medium effect size) (Cohen 1988)
Three trajectories of depressive symptoms during the first postpartum year We identified three trajectories of depressive symptoms during the first postpartum year, as follows: Low symptoms, Increasing-decreasing symptoms, and Increasing symptoms
Summary
OCPD is defined as a relatively stable, pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control. It is indicated by symptoms such as perfectionism that interferes with task completion, excessive devotion to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities, and preoccupation with details, rules, lists, order, organization, and schedules (American Psychiatric Association (APA) 2013). OCPD is closely related to depression, since its prevalence in patients with 12-month mood disorders is 24% (Grant et al 2012). OCPD accelerates relapse into new depressive episodes (Grilo et al 2010)
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