Abstract
The opportunities for data collection in smart cities and communities provide new approaches for assessing risk of roadway components. This paper presents and compares two different methodological approaches for cycling safety assessment of objective and perceived risk. Objective risk was derived from speed and direction profiles collected with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and camera installed on an instrumented bicycle. Safety critical events between cyclists and other road users were identified and linked to five different roadway components. A panel of experts was asked to score the severity of the safety critical events using a Delphi process to reach consensus. To estimate the perceived risk, a web-based survey was provided to the city bicyclist community asking them to score the same five roadway components with a 4-point Likert scale. A comparison between perceived and objective risk classification of the roadway components showed a good agreement when only higher severity conflicts were considered. The research findings support the notion that it is possible to collect information from bicycle probe data that match and user perceptions and thus, utilizing them to take advantage of such data in advancing the goals of in smart cities and communities.
Highlights
Assessment of the objective risk related to road infrastructure components and a Delphi procedure to improve the safety critical events (SCE) classification utilizing expert judgment
The exposure to the occurrence of a conflict rises with the time the bicyclist spends in the road section and travel time was considered as an exposure metric to normalize the conflict rate among different roadway components and allow for comparisons
The withwhile responsibility in urban including the European lower agreement observed and perceived risk connected remained for shared bicycle
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Past research has shown how the presence of cycle infrastructure, pavement conditions and road safety conditions play a fundamental role in encouraging cycling [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. This paper investigates the observed objective and perceived subjective risk in selected roadway components in the municipal of Catania, Italy. Using both quantitative and qualitative research methods, the aim of this research is to estimate correlations between the two methods and their capability to identify and classify sites with high risk situations for cyclists, by using observed traffic conflicts and users’ opinions to be used as a surrogate method for estimating bicycle safety and crashes. Assessment of the objective risk related to road infrastructure components and a Delphi procedure to improve the safety critical events (SCE) classification utilizing expert judgment
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