Obesity in the development of coronary artery disease (according to population studies)

Abstract

Studies of large groups of people within the framework of the big data approach show the key features of the multifactorial mechanisms for the development of comorbid pathology. Limit values, the sequence of shifts of these indicators during the implementation of risk factors and predictors should be determined at the preclinical stage in the population conditions. Clinical and epidemiological methods were used to examine organized contingents — 4,012 subjects (1,866 men and 2,146 women) aged 20—59 years, unorganized contingent — 7,629 men aged 40—59 years. The population prevalence of obesity and coronary artery disease has been established together with the levels of these indicators. During the five-year prospective study the authors determined an integral indicator of the percentage increase in new cases of myocardial infarction (MI) per 1000 people/year of observation, depending on the presence of obesity and other risk factors that were found on the primary screening. The percentage increase of MI cases per 1000 people/year of observation in the presence of obesity, mainly among women in the 50—59 age group, has been demonstrated. The applied mathematical model allowed the monitoring and correction of risk factors at the preclinical stage, depending on the presence or absence of risk factors, predictors of the disease. Based on the multifactorial nature of the genesis of chronic pathology and the resulting difficulties of early detection of their precursors, the conduction of trials using clinical and epidemiological methods within the framework of evidence-based medicine seems to be most expedient.