Abstract

Current estimates suggest that over 1 billion people are overweight and over 300 million people are obese. Weight gain is due to an imbalance between energy expenditure and dietary intake. This review discusses the hypothalamic control of appetite. Nuclei within the hypothalamus integrate peripheral signals such as adiposity and caloric intake to regulate important pathways within the central nervous system controlling food intake to energy expenditure. These pathways involve the orexigenic NPY/AgRP and the anorexigenic POMC/CART neurons the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus.

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