Effect of Fructose on lipoprotein lipase in brown adipose tissue

Abstract

The per capita intake of fructose mostly in the form of high fructose corn syrup has increased 4- to 5-fold in recent decades. To determine the impact of dietary fructose on parameters of lipid metabolism in brown adipose tissue in T2DM rats, groups of lean and obese-T2DM rats were fed a nutritionally adequate diet consisting of 54% carbohydrate as either cooked cornstarch (CS) or equal parts CS and fructose (CSF diet) from one until 9 months of age. Measures of initial and final body weight s were recorded. At 9 months of age, measures of interscapular brown adipose tissue mass, and size, number, lipoprotein lipase activity, and lipid content determined. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. The body weights of lean and obese littermates were similar at 4 weeks of age, but the net weight gain of the obese phenotype over the 8 months of observation was twice that of their lean littermates, (p = < 0.01). The IBAT mass of obese rats >> than their lean littermates and was not affected by diet in either phenotype. The IBAT number / depot and lipid content / cell and percent lipid / IBAT depot was greater in obese than lean and was not affected by diet. The IBAT LPL activity of obese >> lean and was greater with the CSF than the CS diet in both phenotypes. In conclusion, these results indicate that the obese phenotype results in marked increases in IBAT mass and cellularity independently of diet. LPL activity of lean >> obese and was increased modestly in both phenotypes with the CSF diet. Thus, long term consumption of an isoenergetic diet high in fructose modulates LPL activity and lipid accumulation in brown adipose tissue in a rodent model of insulin resistance and NIDDM. In addition, the expression of obesity in the obese phenotype is more likely a result of the epigenetic metabolic determinants of obesity rather than the specific type of the dietary carbohydrate consumed per se.