Nutritive value of cultured white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

Biochemical assays play a major role in recent years. The biochemical composition is the yardstick to measure and assess the nutritional quality of food sources. In the present study, protein, carbohydrate, lipid, moisture and ash in Litopenaeus vannamei was 35.69, 3.20, 19, 76.2 and 1.2% respectively. Calcium content was maximum (154.5 mg) followed by sodium (67.7 mg) and potassium (56.7 mg). Manganese was reported to be minimum (0.898 mg). Copper and chromium were observed in trace. Totally 18 amino acids were detected, among these, argentine, histamine, isoleucine ,leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine and valine are essential amino acids and alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, proline, serine and tyrosine are non-essential amino acids. In individual essential amino acids, valine (23.72%) was maximum, followed by lysine (13.42%) and methionine (13.06%). Histidine was minimum (1.08%). Glycine (9.8%), cystine (5.56%) and proline (4.26%) contributed as major non-essential amino acids. Ten individual fatty acids were identified, which includes both unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Three saturated fatty acids (SFA) were recorded (Palmitic acid, Margaric acid and Stearic acid). The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were the most dominant common fatty acids (38.5%) with the higher levels of linoleic acid (16.3%) and alpha-linolenic acid (11.2%). Oleic acid is the only monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contributed 12.48% of total fatty acids. At the same time the Omega – 6 and omega - 3 fatty acids accounted for 16.3 and 35.4% of the total PUFA (51.7%). the present study confirming that based on the results, L.vannamei species can be considered as a good source of fatty acid as well as protein. Key words: Litopenaeus vannamei, proximate composition, fatty acids, amino acids, minerals, shrimp nutrition.