Abstract
Nutritional status contributes to the regulation of immune responses against pathogens, and malnutrition has been considered as a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, can modulate host lipid metabolism and induce lipid accumulation in macrophages, where the bacilli adopt a dormant phenotype. In addition, serum lipid components play dual roles in the regulation of and protection from Mtb infection. We analyzed the relationship between nutritional status and the humoral immune response in TB patients. We found that serum HDL levels are positively correlated with the serum IgA specific for Mtb antigens. Analysis of the relationship between serum nutritional parameters and clinical parameters in TB patients showed that serum albumin and CRP levels were negatively correlated before treatment. We also observed reduced serum LDL levels in TB patients following treatment. These findings may provide insight into the role of serum lipids in host immune responses against Mtb infection. Furthermore, improving the nutritional status may enhance vaccination efficacy.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and remains a major global public health problem
We evaluated whether TB treatment affects the serum antibody levels for various Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens among TB patients
Serum albumin levels were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) at the onset of treatment
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and remains a major global public health problem. According to the WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2017, about 10 million people newly developed TB and 1.6 million died [1]. It was reported that 23% of the world population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative pathogen of TB, and is at high risk of Mtb reactivation. Nutritional status positively impacts humoral immunity against TB
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